<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<item xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" itemId="938" public="1" featured="0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://library.icmglt.org/items/show/938?output=omeka-xml" accessDate="2026-11-03T08:37:28-06:00">
  <fileContainer>
    <file fileId="338">
      <src>https://library.icmglt.org/files/original/d13ba04a5c3e2fc1750ed21dc5266ba7.png</src>
      <authentication>aef16f910c2e17822ab852c3e0a0faff</authentication>
    </file>
  </fileContainer>
  <collection collectionId="4">
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3959">
                <text>Multigenerational Legacies of Trauma of American Indians</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </collection>
  <itemType itemTypeId="27">
    <name>Electronic Resource</name>
    <description/>
    <elementContainer>
      <element elementId="77">
        <name>View Source</name>
        <description/>
        <elementTextContainer>
          <elementText elementTextId="12231">
            <text>&lt;a href="https://tpcjournal.nbcc.org/examining-the-theory-of-historical-trauma-among-native-americans/"&gt;https://tpcjournal.nbcc.org/examining-the-theory-of-historical-trauma-among-native-americans/&lt;/a&gt;</text>
          </elementText>
        </elementTextContainer>
      </element>
      <element elementId="64">
        <name>Document Type</name>
        <description/>
        <elementTextContainer>
          <elementText elementTextId="12233">
            <text>Journal article</text>
          </elementText>
        </elementTextContainer>
      </element>
      <element elementId="74">
        <name>Author(s)</name>
        <description/>
        <elementTextContainer>
          <elementText elementTextId="12234">
            <text>Kathleen Brown-Rice</text>
          </elementText>
        </elementTextContainer>
      </element>
      <element elementId="58">
        <name>Volume</name>
        <description/>
        <elementTextContainer>
          <elementText elementTextId="12235">
            <text>Vol. 3</text>
          </elementText>
        </elementTextContainer>
      </element>
      <element elementId="59">
        <name>Issue</name>
        <description/>
        <elementTextContainer>
          <elementText elementTextId="12236">
            <text>No. 3</text>
          </elementText>
        </elementTextContainer>
      </element>
      <element elementId="54">
        <name>Publisher</name>
        <description/>
        <elementTextContainer>
          <elementText elementTextId="12237">
            <text>National Board for Certified Counselors, Inc</text>
          </elementText>
        </elementTextContainer>
      </element>
      <element elementId="57">
        <name>Journal Name</name>
        <description/>
        <elementTextContainer>
          <elementText elementTextId="12238">
            <text>The Professional Counselor</text>
          </elementText>
        </elementTextContainer>
      </element>
      <element elementId="53">
        <name>Publication Date</name>
        <description/>
        <elementTextContainer>
          <elementText elementTextId="12239">
            <text>2014</text>
          </elementText>
        </elementTextContainer>
      </element>
      <element elementId="69">
        <name>ISBN</name>
        <description/>
        <elementTextContainer>
          <elementText elementTextId="12240">
            <text>21643989</text>
          </elementText>
        </elementTextContainer>
      </element>
      <element elementId="75">
        <name>Language</name>
        <description/>
        <elementTextContainer>
          <elementText elementTextId="12243">
            <text>English</text>
          </elementText>
        </elementTextContainer>
      </element>
      <element elementId="71">
        <name>Access</name>
        <description/>
        <elementTextContainer>
          <elementText elementTextId="12244">
            <text>Open Access </text>
          </elementText>
        </elementTextContainer>
      </element>
      <element elementId="78">
        <name>Abstract</name>
        <description/>
        <elementTextContainer>
          <elementText elementTextId="12245">
            <text>The theory of historical trauma was developed to explain the current problems facing many Native Americans. This theory purports that some Native Americans are experiencing historical loss symptoms (e.g., depression, substance dependence, diabetes, dysfunctional parenting, unemployment) as a result of the cross-generational transmission of trauma from historical losses (e.g., loss of population, land, and culture). However, there has been skepticism by mental health professionals about the validity of this concept. The purpose of this article is to systematically examine the theoretical underpinnings of historical trauma among Native Americans. The author seeks to add clarity to this theory to assist professional counselors in understanding how traumas that occurred decades ago continue to impact Native American clients today.</text>
          </elementText>
        </elementTextContainer>
      </element>
      <element elementId="63">
        <name>Cataloger</name>
        <description/>
        <elementTextContainer>
          <elementText elementTextId="12246">
            <text>Maria Qureshi</text>
          </elementText>
        </elementTextContainer>
      </element>
    </elementContainer>
  </itemType>
  <elementSetContainer>
    <elementSet elementSetId="1">
      <name>Dublin Core</name>
      <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="50">
          <name>Title</name>
          <description>A name given to the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="12232">
              <text>Examining the Theory of Historical Trauma Among Native Americans</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="49">
          <name>Subject</name>
          <description>The topic of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="12241">
              <text>Indigenous peoples</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </elementSet>
  </elementSetContainer>
  <tagContainer>
    <tag tagId="57">
      <name>Depression</name>
    </tag>
    <tag tagId="706">
      <name>Historical Loss</name>
    </tag>
    <tag tagId="3">
      <name>Indigenous peoples</name>
    </tag>
    <tag tagId="651">
      <name>Intergenerational Transmission of Trauma</name>
    </tag>
    <tag tagId="41">
      <name>Mental Health</name>
    </tag>
  </tagContainer>
</item>
