9 12 431 https://library.icmglt.org/files/original/b23999b452dda075b4da22adf5841d12.pdf 1a4766b0bf23b6b74600c4b664a2d9d8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Multigenerational Legacies of Trauma of American Indians Electronic Resource View Source <a href="https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/32">https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/32</a> Document Type Dissertation Author(s) Rita Haidle Billow Publisher The University of Montana Publication Date 2011 Region United States Language English Access Open Access Abstract The present study explored how racism-related stress was characterized by respondents and investigated the ways in which these respondents coped with this type of stress. Using content analysis, four broad themes of race-related stress emerged: 1) Institutional, 2) Intergroup, 3) Bicultural, and 4) Intragroup. Race-related coping strategies, which included the cognitive, emotional and behavioral strategies respondents used to reduce and/or manage their experiences of racism, were also explored. Eight overarching coping strategies were described: 1) Taking action, 2) Acceptance, 3) Escaping, 4) Collective coping, 5) Meaning making, 6) Affective coping, 7) ―Returning to what Indians did before‖, and 8) Creative coping. This work has important implications given the evidence that suggests that racism is a unique source of stress that contributes to the reduced quality of life for racial/ethnic minorities as well as to the race/ethnicity-based disparities in mental and physical health. As such, this study begins to expand our awareness of the sources of race-related stress among this population as well as begins to improve our understanding of the coping strategies that are effective in helping these Native American individuals cope with racism. In the present analysis, results were compared to the existing race-related stress and coping literature in an effort to understand the unique and common experiences of racism across different racial/ethnic minority groups. The findings indicated that for this sample of Native American older adults the welfare of the group/tribe and maintaining a sense of belonging to the group were important values that influenced coping behaviors. These findings suggest that appropriate and effective clinical and social interventions for this population should take into account the values, attitudes and customs of a Native American worldview that recognizes the central importance of belongingness/interconnectedness. However given that this study did not specifically ask about racism, future studies will need to employ a more direct line of questioning since it is quite possible that specific questions regarding respondents‘ experiences with racism could lead to different and/or more complete responses. Cataloger Kristen Walker Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A Qualitative Investigation of the Strategies used by a Sample of Native American Older Adults to Cope with Race-Related Stressors Subject The topic of the resource Indigenous peoples Belonging Clinical Intervention Coping Native American Adults Racism Stress United States https://library.icmglt.org/files/original/8165a88b74b4eaea0c7ebc00c993b74d.pdf c331c8814d39e54702a5ee3684387767 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Multigenerational Legacies of Trauma of American Indians Electronic Resource View Source <a href="https://doi.org/10.7936/K7WM1BTS">https://doi.org/10.7936/K7WM1BTS</a> Document Type Dissertation Author(s) Shanondora M. Billiot Publisher Washington University in St. Louis Publication Date 2017 Region Louisiana, United States Language English Access Open Access Abstract Global environmental change is an ongoing and complex social problem that will continue to permeate all spheres of life on earth (Moran, 2010). Not all communities experience social and economic consequences of environmental change at the same level (Adger, 2006a; Cutter, Boruff, & Shirley, 2003; Gillespie, 2010; Nicholls et al., 2007; Vogel, Moser, Kasperson, & Dabelko, 2007). The variability of vulnerability, or potential for exposure or harm, stems from proximity to fragile ecosystems as well as social and economic differences across communities (Boruff, Emrich, & Cutter, 2005). Additionally, environmental changes are projected to have adverse impacts on marginalized populations through additional pressures on existing, struggling social systems. Indigenous coastal communities, given their attachment to and dependence on the land, are especially vulnerable to environmental changes (Ford, 2012). In addition, indigenous peoples worldwide have poorer health compared to their majority groups (Anderson et al., 2006; Castor et al., 2006; Gracey & King, 2009; King, Smith, & Gracey, 2009; Lama, 2012). Cataloger Kristen Walker Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource How Do Environmental Changes and Shared Cultural Experiences Impact the Health of Indigenous Peoples in South Louisiana? Subject The topic of the resource Indigenous peoples Community Healing Discrimination Environmental Change Louisiana Mental Health Traditional Knowledge United States https://library.icmglt.org/files/original/512ce1665d77ef8d84f9f9874c408939.jpg a18dbff4bf652a11ba0a28cf79931eaf Electronic Resource View Source <a href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/893708569">https://search.worldcat.org/title/893708569</a> Document Type Book Author(s) T. Bryant Davis Book Title Religion and Spirituality for Diverse Women: Foundations of Strength and Resilience: Foundations of Strength and Resilience Publisher Praeger Publication Date 2014 ISBN 1440833303, 9781440833304 Region United States Language English Access Restricted Access Abstract Religion and spirituality are sources of strength and resilience for many women, particularly ethnically diverse women. This thought-provoking text examines this psychological trend, exploring the specific ways in which women from diverse backgrounds have benefited from their faith traditions, the various spiritual pathways they have chosen, and the impact of those choices on their lives. Cataloger Kristen Walker Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Religion and Spirituality for Diverse Women: Foundations of Strength and Resilience: Foundations of Strength and Resilience Subject The topic of the resource Spirituality Essays Faith Religion Resilience Strength United States Women https://library.icmglt.org/files/original/0443389cd9bad9c91adf4568813ffc14.jpg 33b735b5c89c147c289d73d21e5313bb Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Holocaust, 1939-1945 Electronic Resource View Source <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.06.001">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.06.001</a> Document Type Journal article Author(s) Amy L Lehrner, Heather N Bader, Louri Makotkine, Jonathan R Seckl, Linda M Bierer, Nikolaos P Daskalakis, Rachel Yehuda Volume Vol. 48 Journal Name Psychoneuroendocrinology Publication Date 2014 Language English Access Restricted Access Abstract Adult offspring of Holocaust survivors comprise an informative cohort in which to study intergenerational transmission of the effects of trauma exposure. Lower cortisol and enhanced glucocorticoid sensitivity have been previously demonstrated in Holocaust survivors with PTSD, and in offspring of Holocaust survivors in association with maternal PTSD. In other work, reduction in the activity of the enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD-2), which inactivates cortisol, was identified in Holocaust survivors in comparison to age-matched, unexposed Jewish controls. Therefore, we investigated glucocorticoid metabolism in offspring of Holocaust survivors to evaluate if similar enzymatic decrements would be observed that might help to explain glucocorticoid alterations previously shown for Holocaust offspring. Cataloger Kristen Walker Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Elevation of 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 Activity in Holocaust Survivor Offspring: Evidence for an Intergenerational Effect of Maternal Trauma Exposure Subject The topic of the resource Endocrinology Children of Holocaust Survivors Genocide Holocaust Holocaust Exposure Intergenerational Transmission of Trauma Jewish Identity Mental Health Mental Illness Offspring Psychological Trauma Reconciliation https://library.icmglt.org/files/original/0116704610cea6243124a4291ba33f8e.pdf 989a297f14b1c2b34ce392345972f728 Electronic Resource View Source <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00113">https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00113</a> Document Type Journal article Author(s) Audrey Fontaine, Jacqueline Blundell, James Drover, Phillip E MacCallum, Sriya Bhattacharya Volume Vol. 13 Publisher PubMed Central Journal Name Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience Publication Date 2019 Language English Access Open Access Abstract Although most humans will experience some type of traumatic event in their lifetime only a small set of individuals will go on to develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Differences in sex, age, trauma type, and comorbidity, along with many other elements, contribute to the heterogenous manifestation of this disorder. Nonetheless, aberrant hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity, especially in terms of cortisol and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) alterations, has been postulated as a tenable factor in the etiology and pathophysiology of PTSD. Moreover, emerging data suggests that the harmful effects of traumatic stress to the HPA axis in PTSD can also propagate into future generations, making offspring more prone to psychopathologies. Predator stress models provide an ethical and ethologically relevant way to investigate tentative mechanisms that are thought to underlie this phenomenon. In this review article, we discuss findings from human and laboratory predator stress studies that suggest changes to DNA methylation germane to GRs may underlie the generational effects of trauma transmission. Understanding mechanisms that promote stress-induced psychopathology will represent a major advance in the field and may lead to novel treatments for such devastating, and often treatment-resistant trauma and stress-disorders. Cataloger Kristen Walker Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Stress Across Generations: DNA Methylation as a Potential Mechanism Underlying Intergenerational Effects of Stress in Both Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Pre-clinical Predator Stress Rodent Models Subject The topic of the resource Neurosciences Intergenerational Transmission of Trauma Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Stress https://library.icmglt.org/files/original/7d04f605821832154372c1d69c70bffb.jpeg 9cd3dcef4aae443704cbe6718de023d5 Electronic Resource View Source <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.04.009">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.04.009</a> Document Type Journal article Author(s) Brent Bezo, Stefania Maggi Volume Vol. 134 Journal Name Social Science & Medicine Publication Date 2015 Region Ukraine Language English Access Restricted Access Abstract Qualitative methodology was used to investigate the intergenerational impact of the 1932–1933 Holodomor genocide on three generations in 15 Ukrainian families. Each family, residing in Ukraine, consisted of a first generation survivor, a second generation adult child and a third generation adult grandchild of the same line. The findings show that the Holodomor, a genocide that claimed millions of lives by forced starvation, still exerts substantial effects on generations born decades later. Specifically, thematic analysis of the 45 semi-structured, in-depth interviews, done between July and November 2010, revealed that a constellation of emotions, inner states and trauma-based coping strategies emerged in the survivors during the genocide period and were subsequently transmitted into the second and third generations. This constellation, summarized by participants as living in “survival mode,” included horror, fear, mistrust, sadness, shame, anger, stress and anxiety, decreased self-worth, stockpiling of food, reverence for food, overemphasis on food and overeating, inability to discard unneeded items, an indifference toward others, social hostility and risky health behaviours. Since both the family and community-society were found to be involved in trauma transmission, the findings highlight the importance of multi-framework approaches for studying and healing collective trauma. Cataloger Kristen Walker Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Living in “Survival Mode:” Intergenerational Transmission of Trauma from the Holodomor Genocide of 1932–1933 in Ukraine Subject The topic of the resource Psychology Children Collective Trauma Genocide Holodomor Genocide Intergenerational Transmission of Trauma Political Violence Trauma Ukraine https://library.icmglt.org/files/original/94c4a11c760c3afe639872a2b7ffbd81.jpg 85b89c2a55e0be68bf6f106d75213212 Electronic Resource View Source <a href="https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000284">https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000284</a> Document Type Journal article Author(s) Brent Bezo, Stefania Maggi Volume Vol. 10 Issue No. 1 Publisher American Psychological Association Journal Name Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy Publication Date 2018 Region Ukraine Language English Access Restricted Access Abstract This study investigated the perceived intergenerational impact of the 1932–1933 forced starvation-genocide of Ukrainians and reports the perceived impact of the mass trauma on physical health and well-being across three generations. Method: Interviews were conducted with survivors of the 1930s mass trauma and their adult children and grandchildren. In total, 45 interviews were conducted in Ukraine and a qualitative thematic method was used to analyze the interview texts. Results: Two main themes emerged from the qualitative analysis. First, survivors noted adverse physical health outcomes stemming from their experiences with the 1930s mass trauma. Second, mainly descendants of survivors reported that the mass trauma set into motion biological, psychological and social processes, which in turn, have negatively affected physical health across generations. Conclusions: Participants viewed the mass trauma of the 1930s to have affected the physical health of not only survivors, but also their adult children and grandchildren born decades after the traumatic event. Recommendations are made for cultural awareness training for clinicians who treat patients with family histories of ancestral trauma. Cataloger Kristen Walker Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Intergenerational Perceptions of Mass Trauma’s Impact on Physical Health and Well-Being Subject The topic of the resource Psychology Children Collective Trauma Genocide Intergenerational Transmission of Trauma Political Violence Trauma Ukraine https://library.icmglt.org/files/original/7c664c24173dad9d3d09aaa98566d118.jpg c445fa5cd212bca755a2051aee3f7c55 Electronic Resource View Source <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12389">https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12389</a> Document Type Journal article Author(s) Elizabeth A. Newnham, Robert T. Brennan, Ryan K. McBain, Theresa S. Betancourt Volume Vol. 56 Issue No. 10 Publisher Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health Journal Name Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry Publication Date 2015 Region Sierra Leone Language English Access Restricted Access Abstract Background Trauma from witnessing events such as bombings and killings as well as direct victimization or participation in violence has been associated with psychosocial distress and poor mental health among war-exposed children and adolescents. This study examines the relationship between caregiver mental health and child internalizing (anxiety and depression) symptoms over a 4-year period in postconflict Sierra Leone. Methods The sample included 118 adolescent Sierra Leonean youth (73% male; mean age = 16.5 years at Time 1) and their caregivers (40% male; mean age = 39.0 at Time 1). To measure depression and anxiety symptoms, the Hopkins Symptom Checklist–25 was used with adults and the Oxford Measure of Psychosocial Adjustment – previously validated for use with children and adolescents in the region – was used to assess youth. A multivariate hierarchical linear model (HLM) for studying change within dyads was implemented to study covariation in internalizing symptoms among caregivers and youth over time; these models also included covariates at the individual, family and community levels. The relationship of caregiver mental health to child's internalizing was tested in a latent variable extension of the HLM. Results The latent variable extension estimated that a one standard deviation (SD) change in caregiver anxiety/depression was associated with a .43 SD change in youth internalizing (p < .01) over the 4-year period. Family acceptance was negatively related to youth internalizing (p < .001), while community stigma was positively associated (p < .001). Conclusions The findings highlight an important interplay between caregiver and child mental health within the postconflict setting and the need for psychosocial interventions to extend beyond the individual to account for family dynamics. Cataloger Kristen Walker Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Intergenerational Impact of War: Longitudinal Relationships Between Caregiver and Child Mental Health in Postconflict Sierra Leone Subject The topic of the resource Psychiatry Adolescents Anxiety Caregivers Child Mental Health Depression Post Conflict Sierra Leone Trauma https://library.icmglt.org/files/original/1e1c030610971b818f7b3f7ae0e72ef1.pdf 54740d933ad49cf26e094899c0ade602 Electronic Resource View Source <a href="https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2014.302504">https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2014.302504</a> Document Type Journal article Author(s) Aweis Hussein, Rita Falzarano, Rochelle Frounfelker, Tej Mishra, Theresa S. Betancourt Volume Vol. 105 Journal Name American Journal of Public Health Publication Date 2015 Region United States Language English Access Open Access Abstract Objectives. We sought to understand the problems, strengths, and help-seeking behaviors of Somali Bantu and Bhutanese refugees and determine local expressions of mental health problems among youths in both communities. Methods. We used qualitative research methods to develop community needs assessments and identify local terms for child mental health problems among Somali Bantu and Bhutanese refugees in Greater Boston and Springfield, Massachusetts, between 2011 and 2014. A total of 56 Somali Bantu and 93 Bhutanese refugees participated in free list and key informant interviews. Results. Financial and language barriers impeded the abilities of families to assist youths who were struggling academically and socially. Participants identified resources both within and outside the refugee community to help with these problems. Both communities identified areas of distress corresponding to Western concepts of conduct disorders, depression, and anxiety. Conclusions. There are numerous challenges faced by Somali Bantu and Bhutanese youths, as well as strengths and resources that promote resilience. Future steps include using culturally informed methods for identifying those in need of services and developing community-based prevention programs. Cataloger Kristen Walker Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Addressing Health Disparities in the Mental Health of Refugee Children and Adolescents Through Community-Based Participatory Research: A Study in 2 Communities Subject The topic of the resource Psychiatry Adolescents Anxiety Bantu Child Mental Health Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) Depression Refugees United States https://library.icmglt.org/files/original/784e1db9bc26c82fae2bce4265981ecb.png aef16f910c2e17822ab852c3e0a0faff Electronic Resource View Source <a href="https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.2669">https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.2669</a> Document Type Journal article Author(s) Theresa S. Betancourt Volume Vol. 72 Issue No. 3 Publisher JAMA Network Journal Name JAMA Psychiatry Publication Date 2015 Language English Access Restricted Access Abstract The exposure of children to violence is widespread. More than 1 billion children and adolescents today live in regions affected by armed conflict.1 Even in more developed areas, young people are increasingly exposed to violent actions, images, and settings. To what extent does exposure to violence scar children? There are 2 common perspectives. The first is the idea that “violence begets violence” and that children exposed to violence at a young age will grow up to be more violent adults.2 The second is the “resilience hypothesis,” which asserts that coping in the face of violence is possible with the right support, thus mitigating its effect on quality-of-life outcomes.3 A deeper understanding of these perspectives on the intergenerational effect of war is central to the work of health care professionals around the world. Cataloger Kristen Walker Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Intergenerational Effect of War Subject The topic of the resource Psychiatry Children Collective Trauma Political Violence Postwar Reconciliation Transgenerational Transmission of Trauma Trauma https://library.icmglt.org/files/original/e6ec07593fd08397cba4d0824a0780b6.png 0d450c483f2221cb1c10a89b5dc712f0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Multigenerational Legacies of Trauma of American Indians Electronic Resource View Source <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/13557858.2012.758691">https://doi.org/10.1080/13557858.2012.758691</a> Document Type Journal article Author(s) Andrea Bersamin, Bert Boyer, Bret Luick, Cecile Lardon, Christopher Wolsko, Judith S. Stern|, Scarlett Hopkins, Sheri Zidenberg-Cherr Volume Vol. 19 Issue No. 3 Publisher Taylor & Francis Journal Name Ethnicity & Health Publication Date 2014 Region United States Language English Access Restricted Access Abstract American Indians and Alaska Natives report among the lowest levels of physical activity in the U.S, but there is very little systematic research examining the determinants of physical activity patterns in these populations. This study investigated the relationships between enculturation (or, cultural traditionality), psychosocial stress, and physical activity in a community-based sample of Yup’ik women and men living in rural Alaska Native communities. Associations between these variables and several metabolic risk factors were also examined. Cataloger Kristen Walker Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Enculturation, Perceived Stress, and Physical Activity: Implications for Metabolic Risk Among the Yup'ik–The Center for Alaska Native Health Research Study Subject The topic of the resource Indigenous peoples American Indian/Alaskan Native (AI/AN) Enculturation Perceived Stress Physical Activity United States https://library.icmglt.org/files/original/27ed6c1e6cd027dc1dfc9cd29891fca0.png 62a66ac92f6e424a18ca76630ab36d59 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Multigenerational Legacies of Trauma of Indigenous Canadians (First Nations, Métis, Inuit) Electronic Resource View Source <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/22423982.2018.1542931">https://doi.org/10.1080/22423982.2018.1542931</a> Document Type Journal article Author(s) Christopher Mushquash, Julie George, Melody Morton-Ninomiya, Renee Linklater, Samantha Wells, Sara Plain, Sharon Bernards, Tracey George Volume Vol. 78 Issue No. 2 Publisher Taylor & Francis Journal Name International Journal of Circumpolar Health Publication Date 2019 Region Ontario, Canada Language English Access Open Access Abstract Globally, Indigenous mental health research has increasingly focused on strengths-based theory to understand how positive factors influence wellness. However, few studies have examined how social support buffers the effects of trauma and stress on the mental health of Indigenous people. Using survey data from 207 males and 279 females in 2 Ontario First Nations we examined whether social support diminished the negative effects of perceived racism, historical trauma and loss on depression and/or anxiety. Among females, having more social supports was significantly related to a lower likelihood of depression/anxiety, whereas greater perceived racism and historical losses were associated with a greater likelihood of depression/anxiety. For both males and females, childhood adversity was significantly related to a greater likelihood of depression/anxiety. Among females, a significant interaction was found between social support and childhood adversities. For females with low social support, depression/anxiety was significantly higher among those who had experienced childhood adversities versus those with none; however, for those with high level of social support, the association was not significant. The same relationships were not found for males. Possible reasons are that males and females might experience depression/anxiety differently, or the social support measure might not adequately capture social support for First Nations males. Cataloger Kristen Walker Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buffering Effects of Social Support for Indigenous Males and Females Living with Historical Trauma and Loss in 2 First Nation Communities Subject The topic of the resource Indigenous peoples Canada Epidemiology First Nations Gender Mental Health Ontario Resilience Social Support