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              <text>&lt;a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275223305_They_Just_Block_It_Out_Community_Counselors'_Narratives_of_Trauma_in_a_Low-Income_Community"&gt;https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275223305_They_Just_Block_It_Out_Community_Counselors'_Narratives_of_Trauma_in_a_Low-Income_Community&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>Violence is considered a global mental health problem. The rate of violence in South Africa is amongst the highest in the world and much of this violence is disproportionately skewed towards the poorer and historically disadvantaged communities. Low-income communities continue to bear the brunt of historical legacies of violence which are perpetuated through current ongoing cycles of interpersonal and community violence. While much has been documented about trauma and resilience in environments where the violence or traumatic event has ceased, there is a dearth of literature conceptualising trauma and resilience in contexts where the violence persists. Furthermore, even fewer studies have captured how trauma and resilience are conceptualised from the perspectives of the voices who experience this violence daily. </text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/15564886.2020.1810187"&gt;https://doi.org/10.1080/15564886.2020.1810187&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>The goal of the present study was to gain insight into the experience of parents and siblings of incarcerated men who went through different stages of legal proceedings, arrest, and incarceration. The main questions of the research revolved around family relationships, attitudes toward various situations and perceived obstacles and experiences throughout the different stages of what they defined as “crisis”. A thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with 17 parents and 10 siblings of incarcerated men in Israel shows that nuclear family members may experience various struggles, including family hardships, negative social experiences, and negative institutional experiences. Negative feelings, changes in attitudes toward society and its facilities, and loss of trust, resulted in the development of counter rejection, a process in which families seemed to be growing closer together and further away from social circles, and wavering almost all external help.</text>
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              <text>This qualitative study examined the motivating factors and barriers of Native American male students acquiring postsecondary education. This study sought to understand the similarities and differences between motivating factors and barriers as they corresponded to their decisions to attend or not attend college. Further, key issues regarding the motivating factors and barriers for attending and completing college were examined. The major motivational factors were support and encouragement from family. The primary barriers were lack of funding and transportation. From a Tribal Critical Race Theory perspective, this study brought to the educational leadership field the structural inequalities related to programmatic and leadership in secondary and higher education institutions for Native American males. Findings suggested programs need to be developed assisting Native American men to make a successful transition from high school to college. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. </text>
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              <text>Indigeneity is a much contested term, complicated by formal definitions under domestic and international law, the unlimited right to self-identification by indigenous people, conflicts and/or contradictions between these legal principles, and the political inequalities that result from variations in access to the processes and legal actions that invoke these terms. In particular, this generates a gap between legal definitions of indigeneity (framed, then and now, by hegemonic powers) and sociocultural practices of indigeneity (expressed and experienced, then as now, by cultures themselves). Reviewing the conceptual framing(s) of indigeneity both internationally and in a domestic (US) context, this article explores and offers a more flexible, resilient, and just understanding of indigeneity capable of closing the legal/sociocultural gap currently affecting indigenous people worldwide. At root, this less means asking what (or where) is indigeneity, and more instead when is indigeneity.</text>
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              <text>This report will proceed as follows. First, it will provide a regional history highlighting the social context that emerged from a chronicle of cultural interaction that was influenced by economic and political imperatives. We contend that this Canadian-centric approach to nation build has influenced urban Aboriginal homeless trends. Second, the extant literature about urban Aboriginal mobility and homelessness will be explored. We present our methodology followed by a detailed overview of the empirical findings. The discussion section elaborating on the key themes finishes off the report.</text>
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              <text>The growing rate of urban Aboriginal homelessness is a concern in Canada, yet, to date, no national enumeration of the homeless community has been attempted. Consequently, policies implemented to guarantee vulnerable populations access to housing are being struck in the absence of reliable data. Obtaining good data on the prevalence of this homeless community is one step in improving our collective understanding and response to urban Aboriginal homelessness. According to our calculations, that homelessness is staggering: on any one night, 6.97 percent of the urban Aboriginal population in Canada is homeless, as compared to a national average of .78 percent. This paper highlights the academic and bureaucratic construction of homelessness while urging academics and front-line agencies to align their research agendas in order to help combat the issues that create homelessness in what is a uniquely challenging environment for urban Aboriginal individuals seeking services. The paper concludes with a series of recommendations that will assist in this matter.</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://icmglt.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/26-The-Social-Process-and-the-Transgenerational-Transmission-of-Trauma-in-Chile-.pdf"&gt;https://icmglt.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/26-The-Social-Process-and-the-Transgenerational-Transmission-of-Trauma-in-Chile-.pdf&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>David Becker, Margarita Diaz</text>
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              <text>International Handbook of Multigenerational Legacies of Trauma</text>
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              <text>9781475755671</text>
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              <text>Chili</text>
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          <name>Language</name>
          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="11246">
              <text>English</text>
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          <name>Abstract</name>
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              <text>At the end of the Chilean dictatorship, one could have expected that a central political goal would be the active participation of the population in the democratization process. But this clearly did not happen. To the contrary, in the process of transition toward democracy, it became obvious that the internalization of political threats and the mechanisms of self-repression&#13;
maintain themselves after the end of the dictatorship. Repressive processes that were open during the military government are being converted into less visible but even more effective authoritarian structures in the new democracy. There is no real social and political participation. People succumb and wait to see what the government will do. A society of alienated subject develops, in which participants feel distant and mistrustful toward the political process, even more so, because they wrongly supposed that they might be central to the new order.</text>
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              <text>Kristen Walker</text>
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                <text>The Social Process and the Transgenerational Transmission of Trauma in Chile</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>The Holocaust, 1939-1945</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/15325024.2018.1560663"&gt;https://doi.org/10.1080/15325024.2018.1560663&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <text>Rahel Bachem, Johanna Scherf, Yafit Levin, Zahava Solomon</text>
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          <name>Volume</name>
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              <text>Vol. 24</text>
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              <text>No. 3</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="11228">
              <text>Journal of Loss and Trauma</text>
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              <text>2019</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="11232">
              <text>English</text>
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          <name>Access</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="11233">
              <text>Restricted Access</text>
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          <name>Abstract</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="11234">
              <text>The present study investigates whether secondary traumatization (i.e., family history of Holocaust survival and secondary exposure to captivity) is implicated in subjective age. Women exposed to different levels of secondary traumatization (N 1⁄4 177) were assessed. Analyses of variance (ANOVAs) revealed that a Holocaust background and husband’s captivity had a marginally significant positive effect on age appearance. Women with a Holocaust background whose husbands were held captive reported older interest age, indicating double jeopardy for older subjective age when two sources of secondary traumatization are present. A similar trend existed for behavior age. Possible explanations for these complex findings of risk and resilience are discussed.</text>
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          <name>Cataloger</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="11235">
              <text>Kristen Walker</text>
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                <text>Double Jeopardy: The Effect of Multiple Secondary Trauma Exposure on Subjective Age</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Psychology </text>
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      <tag tagId="304">
        <name>Holocaust Survivors</name>
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      <tag tagId="482">
        <name>Secondary Traumatization</name>
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      <tag tagId="608">
        <name>Subjective Ages</name>
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      <tag tagId="567">
        <name>Transgenerational Transmission of Trauma</name>
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  <item itemId="868" public="1" featured="0">
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            <elementText elementTextId="11207">
              <text>&lt;a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/jmft.12266"&gt;https://doi.org/10.1111/jmft.12266&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <name>Document Type</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="11209">
              <text>Journal article</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="11210">
              <text>Rahel Bachem, Yafit Levin, Xiao Zhou, Gadi Zerach, Zahava Solomon</text>
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        <element elementId="58">
          <name>Volume</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="11211">
              <text>Vol. 44</text>
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        <element elementId="59">
          <name>Issue</name>
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              <text>No. 3</text>
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          <name>Publisher</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="11213">
              <text>American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy</text>
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          <name>Journal Name</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="11214">
              <text>Journal of Marital and Family Therapy</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="11215">
              <text>2018</text>
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          <name>Language</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="11218">
              <text>English</text>
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          <name>Access</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="11219">
              <text>Restricted Access</text>
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        <element elementId="78">
          <name>Abstract</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="11220">
              <text>Research indicates that posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) induced by war trauma may be transmitted to veterans’ wives and offspring (secondary traumatic stress; STS). However, the interplay between family members’ characteristics has not been accounted for in such processes. Taking a family systems perspective, we examine the contributions of fathers’ PTSS, mothers’ STS, marital adjustment, and self-disclosure of both parents to offspring's STS and test whether marital quality applies as a mechanism of parent–child transmission. Combat veterans and former prisoners of war (N = 123), their spouses, and adult offspring were investigated in a multiple-step mediation analysis. The results highlight the mother's crucial role in trauma transmission and suggest that strengthening the marital relationship may buffer the transmission of fathers’ PTSS to offspring.</text>
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        <element elementId="63">
          <name>Cataloger</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="11221">
              <text>Kristen Walker</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="11208">
                <text>The Role of Parental Posttraumatic Stress, Marital Adjustment, and Dyadic Self-Disclosure in Intergenerational Transmission of Trauma: A Family System Approach</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="11216">
                <text>Psychology </text>
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        <name>Family Relationships</name>
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        <name>Parenting</name>
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        <name>Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)</name>
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        <name>Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms</name>
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        <name>Transgenerational Transmission of Trauma</name>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="2078">
                  <text>The Holocaust, 1939-1945</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="11193">
              <text>&lt;a href="https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.157.6.904"&gt;https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.157.6.904&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <name>Author(s)</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="11196">
              <text>Lea Baider, Tamar Peretz, Pnina Ever Hadani, Shlomit Perry, Rita Avramov, Atara Kaplan De-Nour</text>
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          <name>Volume</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="11197">
              <text>Vol. 157</text>
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          <name>Issue</name>
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          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="11198">
              <text>No. 6</text>
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        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Journal Name</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="11199">
              <text>American Journal of Psychiatry</text>
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          <name>Publication Date</name>
          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="11200">
              <text>2000</text>
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          <name>Language</name>
          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="11203">
              <text>English</text>
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          <name>Access</name>
          <description/>
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            <elementText elementTextId="11204">
              <text>Open Access </text>
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        <element elementId="78">
          <name>Abstract</name>
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            <elementText elementTextId="11205">
              <text>Objective: Opinions differ about the effects of the Holocaust on the adult offspring of survivors. The authors studied cancer patients who were second-generation Holocaust survivors in an attempt to determine whether they react to their illness with the high distress found to be a characteristic of Holocaust survivors.&#13;
&#13;
Method: In a study population of women with breast cancer, 106 second-generation Holocaust survivors were compared to 102 women whose parents were not in the Holocaust. Background information was obtained by interviews. In addition, all patients completed three self-reports: the Mental Attitude to Cancer Scale, the Brief Symptom Inventory, and the Impact of Event Scale.&#13;
&#13;
Results: The two groups had identical mean scores on the Mental Attitude to Cancer Scale. The offspring of Holocaust survivors had scores on the Brief Symptom Inventory and the Impact of Event Scale that were substantially and significantly higher and in the range of psychopathology. Within the group, married women and women whose mothers were still alive were even more distressed. Other independent variables shed little light on why the second-generation Holocaust survivors suffered from extreme distress.&#13;
&#13;
Conclusions: Second-generation Holocaust survivors are particularly vulnerable to psychological distress and, when faced with a trauma such as breast cancer, react with extreme psychological distress.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="11206">
              <text>Kristen Walker</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Transmission of Response to Trauma? Second-Generation Holocaust Survivors’ Reaction to Cancer</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Psychiatry</text>
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        <name>Transgenerational Transmission of Trauma</name>
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